Method of producing weaving-diagrams.



'No. 703,8 5l. Patented July I, 1902.- J. SZCZEPANIK,

METHUD 0F PRODUCING WEAVING DIAGRAMS.

(Application filed May 22, 1900.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

No. 703,85l. Patented .lulyl, I902.

' J. SZCZEPANIK.

METHOD OF PRODUCING WEAVING DIAGBAMS.

(Application filed May 22, 1900.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets8heet 2.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAN SZCZEPANIK, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR TO SOOIETE DES INVENTIONS JAN SZOZEPANIK & CIE., OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUN- GARY, A FIRM.

METHOD OF PRODUCING WEAVlNG-DIAGRAMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 703,851, dated July 1, 1902.

Application filed May 22, 1900. Serial No 17,602. sp imens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J AN SzozEPANIK, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-l lungary, residing at Vienna, in the Province of Lower Austria, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Producing lVeaving-Diagrams; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descrip- I0 tion of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

In the production of weaving-diagrams described in the specification of Letters Patent previously granted to me optical screens are used which in consequence of the differout degrees of light-transmitting power of their several portions or of the different sizes of the openings in the plate indicate the different thread-crossings. It is therefore necessary to use a special shading-screen for each kind of shading, even when only the direction of the shading characteristic for the given design of the fabric is to be altered or a shading exhibited by a certain kind of threadcrossing is to be strengthened byadding simi- 1arly-grouped shading portions.

This invention has for object to simplify this method, and according thereto from a thread-crossing plate which has openings in it distributed according to the ground threadcrossing the representation of the strengthened thread-crossing derived therefrom by multiplying the threads treated in the same mannert'. e., by adding thread-crossings in a similar grouping-As obtained by means of 40 a diaphragm Whose opening is divided into as many portions of different degrees of lighttransmitting power as there are thread-crossing points in the element of the thread crossing in the direction of the weft or in that of the warp..

In the drawings like parts are similarly designated, and Figure 1 shows a perforated plate or round transparent openings on an opaque ground. Figs. 2, 3, 4-, and 5 show crossings for a satin loom-stitch as an example how it can be modified; Fig. 6, the diaphragm used to produce these results, and Fig.7 the method of using the diaphragm or stop.

As an example, let five-crossing satin be taken as aground-crossing From the threadcrossing plate shown in Fig. 1, which con tains round openings of equal size distributed according to this satin-crossing on an opaque ground, there are obtained representations of the singly, doubly, and trebly strengthened crossings (shown in Figs. 3, l, and 5) derived from this crossing, Fig. 2. For this purpose a diaphragm is used, Fig. 6, whose opening is divided into five squares of different degrees of translucency or is covered by plates of different degrees of translucency composed of glass, films, or tracing-paper, so as to form five such squares. The square a is perfectly translucent, (white,) the square e is perfectly opaque, (black,) while the squares b, c, and d have each a degree of translucency between these limits. Now if a positive or a negative of the drawing or picture to be copied is photographically overexposedi. a, exposed to the light for a considerable timewith the aid of the thread-crossing plate, Fig. 1, while using the diaphragm, Fig. 6, a diagram is obtained that can be used directly for punching cards and in which are indicated at the darkest parts of the picture the ground-crossing, Fig. 2that is to say, five-crossing satin; at the lightest parts of the picture the most strengthened satin-crossing, Fig. 5, and at the parts lying as regards shading between these limits the satin-crossings, Figs. 3 and 4, strengthened in various degrees. This will be seen from the follow-ing considerations: Each opening in the optical screen or thread-crossing plate, Fig. 1, which in the present case represents five-crossing satin, forms an image of all the five squares of the diaphragm, the light being modified in each case according to the degree of translucency of the respective square. The light-rays proceeding from the lightest parts of the picture through the squares a, b, c, and d attack the places 1, 2, 3, and 4: on a sensitized plate or paper when the negative or positive is overexposed, while the parts 5 are protected by the diaphragmsquare 6, whereby the representation of the most strengthened groi'ind-crossing, Fig. 5, is produced. In the less light parts of the negative the light-rays that pass through the square d cannot attack the plate at the parts 4, and therefore the doubly strengthened satin-crossing indicated in Fig. 4 is represented. In the darker parts of the negative the rays passing through the diaphragmsquare 0 cannot attack the plate at the parts 3, and there results the representation of the strengthened satin-crossing shown in Fig. 3. In the darkest parts of the negative the rays passing through the square I) of the diaphragm cannot attack the sensitized plate at the part 2, so that the representative of the satinorossing indicated in Fig. 2 is produced.

Instead of a diaphragm, Fig. 6, with portions of different translucency several perfectly-translucent diaphragms may be used in the following manner: A diaphragm is first taken that has only an opening a, and exposure is made for a few seconds. Then a second diaphragm is taken, in which the squares a and Z) are open, and exposure is made for the same time. Then a third diaphragm, with openings a, I), and c, is taken, and exposure is made for the same time, and finally a fourth diaphragm, with openings a, l), c, and d, is taken, and exposure is made for the same time. The part corresponding to the openings a would thereby be exposed four times, the part corresponding to the openings 1) three times, the part corresponding to the openings 0 twice, and the part corresponding to the opening (I once. These different strengths of exposition correspond exactly to the softening of the light through severaltransparentdiaphragms. Itisknown that when a negative is exposed only for a short time only the darkest parts can be copied, while if the same negative be exposed longer even the lighter parts will be able to appear. These different durations of exposure can be also obtained in another manner, as by using four diaphragins, in each of which only one square is cut out, corresponding, respectively, to the part a, l), c, or (Z of Fig. 6. The first diaphragm is then exposed for about eight seconds, the second for six, the third for four, and the fourth for two. From this it will be seen that the combination of a diaphragm or diaphragms such as described with a thread-crossing plate having openings of equal size distributed according to the ground-crossing chosen is a substitute for the hitherto usual screen divided into portions of different light-transmitting powers or provided with openings of different sizes. i Fig. '7 shows the manner of employing the diaphragm or stop shown in Fig. (3 and in which f indicates a suitable stand within a dark room or chamber; 9, a suitable lens-barrel inserted in the Wall '5 of said dark room or chamber and carrying a front lens 7 and a rearlensp'. Saidlenses may be single or compound. Inserted in the barrel in a manner similar to IVaterhouse stops is the diaphragm g. (Shown in Fig. 0.) A stand g outside the dark chamber supports the frame in, that carries the design or a negative or positive Z to be copied and woven in a fabric. within the dark room carries a frame 0, carrying on its forward end the plate '1', provided with light-transmitting openings r, (shown in detail in Fig. 1,) and at the rear a hinged frame a, carrying a focusing-screen and adapted to be moved out of the way to insert a suitable plate, bromid-paper, or other suitable sensitized medium upon which the pattern or design is to be made. The operation will be as follows: The object at Z will be focused on the focusing-screen at a in the usual manner. The plate 0', being interposed between the lens and focusing-screen, will cause the image to be made up of small fields side by side which are themselves images of the source of lightnamely,of the diaphragm-opening-and since the diaphragm-opening itself is subdivided into portions of different transparency each field will be subdivided into parts of different density either in the warp or weft direction.

I claim- 1. The method of producing weaving-patterns, which consists in passing the light from the object through a diaphragm and perforated plate to a sensitized medium, the plate provided with perforations arranged to form a loom-stitch pattern, and varying the exposure to light at the diaphragm-opening, substantially as set forth.

2. The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing the light from an object through a lens, a diaphragm, only a portion of the diaphragm being exposed, and a perforated plate to a sensitized 1nedium,said plate provided with perforations arranged to form a loom-stitch pattern, said portion of the diaphragm-opening being proportional to the image formed, substantially as set forth.

The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing the light from an object through a lens, diaphragm and perforated plate to a sensitized medium, the perforations in said plate arranged to form a loom-stitch pattern, and the opening in the diaphragm divided into fields varying in degree of transparency, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing light from a suitable object through a lens, a diaphragm and a suitable perforated plate to a sensitized medium, the opening in said diaphragm divided into fields of varying transparency and. overexposing the sensitized medium by the light through one or more of said fields, substantially as set forth.

5. The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing light from a suitable object throu gh a lens, a diaphragm The stand f IIO and a perforated plate, the perforations in said plate arranged to form aloom-stitch pattern and the opening in said diaphragm divided in fields of different intensity,and overexposing the sensitized medium to the light passing through one or more of said fields, substantially as set forth.

(3. The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing light from an object through a diaphragm-opening, and a plate having light-transmitting openings arranged to form a Weaving-pattern onto a sensitized medium, said diaphragm-opening divided into as many fields of different transparency as there are points between adjacent light-transmitting openings in said plate, substantially as set forth.

7. The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing light from an object through a diaphragm-opening, and a plate having light-transmitting openings arranged in the order of a satin weaving-crossing, onto a sensitized medium,said diaphragmopening divided into as many fields of different transparency as there are points between adjacent threads in the same row, substantially as set forth.

8. The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing light from a suitable object through a diaphragm-opening, and a plate having light-transmitting openings arranged in the order of a five-point satin-crossing, onto a sensitized medium, said diaphragm-opening divided into five fields of different transparency, whereby a weaving design can be produced in which all of the five points are differently indicated, substantially as set forth.

9. The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing light from a suitable object through a lens, adiaphragmopening and a plate provided with light-transmitting openings arranged in the order of a five-point satin-crossing, onto a sensitized medium, said diaphragm opening divided into five fields of diiferent transparency, and overexposing the sensitized medium to the light from two or more of said fields, whereby a weaving-diagram indicating five different thread-crossings can be produced, substantially as set forth.

10. The method of producing weaving-diagrams, which consists in passing light from a suitable object through a diaphragm-opening, and a plate provided with light-transmitting openings arranged in the order of weaving-crossings, onto asensitized medium, the diaphragm-opening being divided into as many fields of different transparency as there are points between adjacent warp-threads of a row, and varying the exposure of the sen sitized medium to overexpose the impression of one or more of the fields on said medium to vary the weaving-crossing, as many weaving-crossings being capable of beingindicated as there are points between the lighttransmitting openings of said plate, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I have signed my name in pres ence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAN SZCZEPANIK.

Witnesses:

ALvEs'ro S. HOGUE, AUGUST FUGGER. 

